Piston



Feb. 20,1945; I Q NOTTURNQ 2,369,792

PISTON Filed Aug. 14, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ,wz a/vazzwvw v Inven or and otherwise well-adapted for the cylinder I0. 9

An auxiliary" piston I4 has a working lit in the Patented Feb. 20, 1945 ll's'roisv Albert o. Notturno, Hewlett, in. I Applicat on August 14, 1942; Serial No. 454,841 .6 Claims. (01. 123-78) The present invention relates to new and useful improvements in pistons for engines and has for its primary object to provide an internal auxiliary piston within thev main piston and having communication with the combustion chamber in which the main piston is' mounted to provide greater expansionin the combustion chamber and thereby increase the power of the engine without necessitating anincrease in size of the cylinder or main piston.

A further object is to provide an engine cylinder of this character of simple and practical construction, which is eflicient and reliable in performance, relatively inexpensive to manufacture purposes for which the same isintended.

Other objects and advantages reside in the de,-' tails of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout and in which- Figure l is aside elevational view ofthe main.

piston.

Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof;

Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sectional views taken respectively on the lines 3-3 and 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is. a fragmentary sectional view through the top of the piston taken substantially on a line 5-5 of Figure 2. v

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on a line 8-"8 of Figure 1. and

Figure 7 is a similar view taken at right angles to Figure 6.

Referring now to the drawings in detail wherein ior the purposes of illustration I have disclosed a preferred embodiment of the invention, the numeral 5 designates the main piston generally which includes a skirt portion 8 and top 7 connected to the upper end of the skirt portion by the threaded connection 8. The skirt portion 6 is provided with the usual piston rings '8.

Positioned in the skirt portion of the piston is a cylinder Iii open at each end and: connected in concentrically spaced relation with the inner walls of the skirt portion 8 by means of web'inemhers I l.

' In the upper edge of the cylinder I0 is an annular groove or channel I 2 in which is fitted a packing ring l8v adapted to bear against the underside of the top 'lt'o seal the upper end of the cylinder It and is also provided with thepiston rings II in the upper portion of the skirt portion of the auxiliary piston.

I permit the free passage of of the cylinder iii.

4 The main piston i is provided with the usual wrist'pin Hi to which the upper end of the connecting rod I1 is attached by means of the bear-- ing IB-and projecting from the hearing I 8 at a side thereof diametricallyopposite-from the con- .necting rod I! is a pair of spaced parallel arms or lugs is between which the lower end of a shortconnecting rod 20 is positioned and pivotally attached thereto. The upper end of the connecting rod 20 is connected to the wrist pin 2| of the auxiliary piston 14 by means of the bearing 22.

The top lot the main piston i provided with a plurality of openings 23 to afford communication between the combustion chamber of the cylinder in which the main piston is working andthe top 'of the cylinder Ill above the auxiliary piston.

Aplurality of spring fingers: 24 are attached to the undersid'eof the top I by means of screws 25,

the spring fingers having their end portions free and provided'with' laterally extending stems 2% having heads 21 at the ends thereof, thestems 26 and heads 21 working in the openings 23 to keep the openings free from accumulation of carbon deposits. The springs 24 are adapted to enter recesses 28 formed in the underside of the top 1 of the piston so as to prevent movement of the top of the auxiliary piston is flush with the top The stems 28 andheads 21 are considerably smaller than the diameter of the openings 28 to gases through said openings.

In the operation of the device whenthe main piston B is descending on its intake stroke the auxiliary piston i4-also descends in an independent stroke and reaches' the end of its downward stroke relative to the piston 6 when the eonnecting rod I1 is substantially at a degree angle with respect to the crankshaft, as shown by the left hand dotted lineposition in Figure '7 of the drawings. When the main piston 5 has completed its "stroke the connecting rod resumes its perpendicular position, thusmoving'the aux; a iliary piston I4 into its upward position. The v same procedure is repeated on the upward stroke of the main piston 6. Accordingly, an increased charge ofcombustible is forced into the combustion chamber by the increase in the volume of the compression chamber of the main cylinder of the engine during its intake stroke, to admit a greater-volurne of fuel into the cylinder, and when the-auxiliarypiston i4 complete; its upward .or

compression stroke, the additional mixture is -iorced back into the main cylinder through the openings 23, and compressed with the charge of the main portion of the combustion chamber,

It is believed the details oi construction, advantages and manner of use 01 the device will be readily understood from the foregoing without further detailed explanation.

Having dcscribedthe invention, what is claimed asnewis: f 1. A piston for explosive engines including a main piston, a cylinder in the main. piston, an aLurilia-ry piston. working in said cylinder, a conin its top, and means responsive to pressure in the cylinder for cleaning the opening.

4. A piston for explosive engines including a main piston, a cylinder in the main piston, an auxiliary piston working in said cylinder, a corn necting rod for the main piston, a. connecting rod for the auxiliary piston connected directly in line to the iirst named connecting rod for actsation of the auxiliary piston in accordance with the suction and compression strokeof the main piston and arranged to produce an increased number of suction and compression strokes of the auxiliary piston over that oi the main piston,

necting rod for the main piston, a connecting rod for the auxiliary piston connected directly in line to the first. named connecting rod for actuation of the auxiliary piston in accordance with the suction and compression strokes of the main piston and arranged to produce an increased number of suction and compression strokes of the auxiliary piston over that of the main piston,"

said main piston having an opening in its top, and means for cleaning said opening.

2; A piston 'for explosive engines including a main piston, a cylinder in the main piston, an auxiliary piston working in said cylinder, a com necting rod for the main piston, a connecting rod for the auxiliary piston connected directly in line to the first-named connecting rod foractuation of the auxiliary piston in accordance with the suction and compression strokes oi the main-piston and arranged to produce an increased number of suction and compression strokes of the auxiliary piston over that of the main piston, said main piston having an opening in its top, and means working in the opening for cleaning the latter! 3. A piston for explosive engines including a main piston, a cylinder in the inain piston, an auxiliary piston working in said cylinder, 8. connecting rod for the'main piston, a. connecting rod for the auxiliary piston connected directly in line to the first-named connecting rod for actuation of the auxiliary piston in accordance with the suction and compression strokes of the main piston and arranged to produce an increased number of suction and compression said main piston having an opening in its top,

- the suction and compression stroke oi. the main piston and arranged to produce an increased number of suction and compression strokes of the auxiliary piston over that or the main piston, said main piston including a top closing the top of the cylinder and having an opening, and a cleaning device carried by said top and working in the opening. x

6. A .piston for explosive engines including a 'main piston,-a cylinder in the main piston, said main piston having ports in its top providing for the admission and discharge of products of combustion into and out of said cylinder, an auxiliary piston working in the cylinder, 9. connecting rod attached to the main piston, and a connecting rod attached to the auxiliary piston and connected directly in line to the flrst-named connectlng rod for actuation or the auxiliary piston strokes o! the auxiliary piston over that o! the main piston, said main piston having an opening I in accordance with the suction and compression strokes of the main piston and arranged to prcduce an increased number of suction and com- .pression strokes of the auxiliary piston over that of the main piston.

ALBERT C. NOTI'URNQ. 

